Oversized Tap Guidelines
This page is for information only.
Oversize taps are commonly used to tap holes that will be heat treated after tapping or will be plated, thus the need for oversize thread diameters
Preplate tap recommendations
the following information is from North American Tool
We realize how confusing the painstaking math is to get preplate part limits and a Tap “H” limit, but don’t worry, all you have to do is contact us with your thread information, and we will do the work.
If you want to know how it’s done, we’ve included the formulas for the engineer in all of us.
When encountering an internal threaded hole requiring it to be plated, it normally needs to be produced oversize to accommodate the plating. There are two methods for determining the correct Tap “H” limit, the “Detailed Method” and the “Simplified Method”.
The “Detailed Method” requires you to do more math, but it will also determine the before plate product limits (GO & NOGO)
The “Simplified Method” requires less math but will not provide you with the before plate product limits (GO & NOGO)
When the plating is applied to the properly oversized threaded hole, the required thread class (2B, 3B) or special PD (pitch diameter) will be met. The effect of plating on a 60° screw thread is a change in PD of 4 times the plating thickness (2 times on each side). That is because the plating itself is parallel to the thread flanks, and the PD is measured perpendicular to the thread axis. As an example, a .0002 plating thickness X 4 results in a PD increase of .0008 (The ratio of 4:1 is for 60° threads only, the ratio for other thread forms such as ACME, 29° is different.)
“Detailed Method”
Before determining the tap size (H limit), it is necessary to determine the oversize part thread limits first. Once this is achieved, the tap limit is normally position at 40% of the before plate limits.
Unfortunately, life is not always easy. The required plating thickness on the print, purchase order, etc. will be expressed in one of two ways, a “Maximum and Minimum Thickness” or a “One Value Thickness” requiring two different ways to calculate the oversize part thread limits.
Maximum and Minimum Plating Thickness
1. The Minimum part PD (pitch diameter) is larger by 4 X the Maximum plating thickness
2. The Maximum part PD (pitch diameter) is larger by 4 x the Minimum plating thickness
3. The Tap “H” = a PD that is located at 40% of the before plate limits – minimum after plate limit \ .0005 (“H” limit increment). Selecting the closes “H” limit
Example: 1/4-20 UNC-2B, plating thickness, .0002 to .0003 (1/4-20 UNC-2B after plate PD = .2175 – .2224)
1. GO Minimum before coating part PD (pitch diameter) =.2175 (after plate GO or minimum PD) + .0012 (4 X .0003 max plating thickness) = .2187
2. NOGO Maximum before coating part PD (pitch diameter) = .2224 (after plate NOGO or maximum PD) + .0008 (4 X .0002 min plating thickness) = .2232
3. Tap ‘H” Limit
.2232 (Maximum before coating part PD) – .2187 (Minimum before coating part PD) = .0045
.0045 X 40% = .0018
.0018 + 2187 (Minimum before coating part PD) = .2205
.2205 (before plate Tap PD) – .2175 (after plate or minimum PD) = .003
0.003 / .0005 (“H” limit increment) = H6
One Value Plating Thickness
When a “One Value Plating Thickness” is shown, we establish a maximum and minimum plating thickness values to compute the maximum and minimum before platting thread limits. This is done by assuming that the tolerance on the plating is 50% larger than the “One Value Plating Thickness.” The maximum plating thickness is 6 X, the “One Value Plating Thickness,” and the minimum plating thickness is the same as the “One Value Plating Thickness.”
1. The Minimum part PD (pitch diameter) is larger by 6 X the “One Value Plating Thickness”
2. The Maximum part PD (pitch diameter) is larger by 4 x the “One Value Plating Thickness”
3. The Tap “H” = a PD that is located at 40% of the before plate limits – minimum after plate limit \ .0005 (“H” limit increment). Selecting the closes “H” limit
Example: 1/4-20 UNC-2B, plating thickness, .0003 (1/4-20 UNC-2B after plate PD = .2175 – .2224)
1. GO Minimum before coating part PD (pitch diameter) =.2175 (after plate GO or minimum PD) + .0018 (6 X .0003 “One Value Plating Thickness”) = .2193
2. NOGO Maximum before coating part PD (pitch diameter) = .2224 (after plate NOGO or maximum PD) + .0012 (4 X .0003 “One Value Plating Thickness”) = .2236
3. Tap ‘H” Limit
.2236 (Maximum before coating part PD) – .2193 (Minimum before coating part PD) = .0043
.0043 X 40% = .00172
.00172 + .2193 (Minimum before coating part PD) = .2210
.2210 (before plate Tap PD) – .2175 (after plate or minimum PD) = .0035
0.0035 / .0005 (“H” limit increment) = H7
“Simplified Method”
This method requires knowing what tap “H” limit that is recommended for the thread class of fit (2B 3B etc.) after plating.
Example: The recommended “H” limit for a 1/4 – 20 UNC 2B would be GH5 and for a 3B it would be GH3.
This information can be found in our Tap Recommendations for Classes of Thread Unified and American National Screw Threads
Maximum and Minimum Plating Thickness
When the plating thickness requirement is given with a maximum and minimum limit you would simply,
Example: 1/4-20 UNC-2B, plating thickness, .0002 to .0003 (1/4-20 UNC-2B after plate recommended “H” limit GH5)
One Value Plating Thickness
When the plating thickness requirement is given with a one value plating thickness limit you would simply, Multiply the plating thickness by 4 (the 60° size change ratio) to determine the PD (pitch diameter) size change in inches.
Then divide the PD size change in inches by .0005 (“H” limit increment).
The result would be the increase in “H” limit and added to the recommended “H” limit for the required after plate thread class.
Example: 1/4-20 UNC-2B, plating thickness, .0003 (1/4-20 UNC-2B after plate recommended “H” limit GH5)
.0003 X 4 = .0012 (PD size change in inches)
.0012 / .0005 = 2.4 (PD size change in “H” limits) rounder to the closest “H” limit = 2
Recommended “H” limit of GH5 (recommended “H” limit for Class 2B) + 2 = GH7 (pre-plate “H” limit)
the following information is what we found for tap guidelines for
Hot Dipped Galvanized (HDG) Nuts and Interior Threads.
If the nuts or tapped holes in a steel article are hot-dip galvanized, they should be re-tapped or re-threaded after galvanizing to remove the zinc coating and provide clearance for the coated bolt.
When the fastener system is assembled, the coating from the bolt will provide protection for the uncoated nut thread since zinc coatings cathodically protect uncoated steel.
The re-tapping is done on the nut side so that no uncoated threads on the bolts will be available to weather without galvanized protection.
If re-tapping the nuts, its important to note that all of the zinc coating must be removed from the inner threads.
Standard practice for structural connections is to galvanize the nuts as blanks and then to tap the threads after galvanizing.
Nuts and threaded holes are traditionally galvanized as blanks and threaded after galvanizing.
The hole should be drilled undersize before galvanizing so the threads can be cut after galvanizing.
The holes and/or nuts threaded after galvanizing, although bare, will be protected by the zinc on the coated threads of the fastener.
The corrosion protection for the hole and/or nut is provided by the bolts threads.
This table is from
Overtapping Guidelines for Nuts and Interior Threads
| Nominal Nut Size (inches) and Pitch | Diametrical Allowance (inches) |
|---|---|
| 0.250-20 | 0.016 |
| 0.312-18 | 0.017 |
| 0.375-16 | 0.017 |
| 0.437-14 | 0.018 |
| 0.500-13 | 0.018 |
| 0.562-12 | 0.020 |
| 0.625-11 | 0.020 |
| 0.750-10 | 0.022 |
| 0.875-9 | 0.022 |
| 1.000-8 | 0.022 |
| 1.125-8 | 0.024 |
| 1.125-7 | 0.024 |
| 1.250-8 | 0.024 |
| 1.250-7 | 0.024 |
| 1.375-8 | 0.027 |
| 1.375-6 | 0.027 |
| 1.500-8 | 0.027 |
| 1.500-6 | 0.027 |
| 1.750-5 | 0.050 |
| 2.000-4.5 | 0.050 |
| 2.250-4.5 | 0.050 |
| 2.500-4.5 | 0.050 |
| 2.750-4 | 0.050 |
| 3.000-4 | 0.050 |
| 3.250-4 | 0.050 |
| 3.500-4 | 0.050 |
| 3.750-4 | 0.050 |
| 3.750-4 | 0.050 |
| 4.000-4 | 0.050 |
Trademarks are the properties of their respective owner(s).
February 2025, March 2022, September 2021,
The descriptions, illustrations, specifications, dimensions, and part numbers are subject to change without notice.
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